这个问题的答案是, 有这样的同义词辨析词典的。
比如humid,wet,damp,moist
humid 指的是 Containing sensible moisture (usually describing air or atmosphere)
humid一般用来描述空气以及大气。 更详细的可以看相对湿度这些概念。
wet 指 Of an object, etc, covered with or impregnated with liquid.
wet 用来描述物体特别是表面的性状, 是否被液体浸润。
。
工业上有相对严格的定义
wet is defined as "covered with visible free moisture,"
damp is a "moderate covering of moisture," and
moist is "slightly damp but not quite dry to the touch."
wet indicates the highest level of moisture and moist indicates the lowest level.
湿度(英语:Humidity)一般在气象学中指的是空气湿度,它是空气中水蒸气的含量。与蒸汽干燥度(也称蒸汽的品质,英语:dryness fraction of steam, quality of steam)不同,空气中液态或固态的水不算在湿度中。不含水蒸气的空气被称为干空气。由于大气中的水蒸气可以占空气体积的0%到4%,一般在列出空气中各种气体的成分的时候是指这些成分在干空气中所占的成分。
相对湿度”(RH)是绝对湿度与最高湿度之间的比,它的值显示水蒸气的饱和度有多高。相对湿度为100%的空气是饱和的空气。相对湿度是50%的空气含有达到同温度的空气的饱和点的一半的水蒸气。相对湿度超过100%的空气中的水蒸气一般凝结出来。随着温度的增高,空气中可以含的水就增多。也就是说,在同样多的水蒸气的情况下,温度降低,相对湿度就会升高;温度升高,相对湿度就会降低。因此在提供相对湿度的同时也必须提供温度的数据。透过最高湿度和温度也可以计算出露点。
manner,method,way,approach
Manner (给围观群众)的观感;
method 具体方法, 例如某种专利;
way 路径或者轨迹;
approach 进攻方向,例如上三路还是下三路。。
专业资料上也有这样的例子, 比如皮肤损害。 那就不是同义词词典可以解释的了,除非对着图谱。
RAISED LESIONS
PAPULE - A circumscribed, elevated, solid lesion that is less than 10 mm* in diameter.
Example: Wart
PLAQUE - A circumscribed, elevated, solid lesion that is greater than 10 mm* in diameter and is usually broader than it is thick.
Example: Psoriasis
NODULE - A palpable, solid lesion that is greater than 10 mm* in diameter. Nodules are usually found in the dermal or subcutaneous tissue, and the lesion may be above, level with, or below the skin surface.
Example: Dermatofibroma
TUMOR - A solid, firm lesion that is typically greater than 20 mm in diameter. Tumors can be above, level with, or beneath the skin surface. Also known as a mass.
Example: Metastatic carcinoma
WEAL - Transient, circumscribed, edematous papules or plaques caused by swelling in the dermis. Wheals may manifest with erythematous borders and pale centers and/or a narrow peripheral zone of pallor or vasoconstriction.
Example: Urticaria
至于某些答主提到的 "性"(sex)和 “性别”/“性向”, 在 WHO 的文件以及生物学的教科书上有比较详细的叙述。
Gender, typically described in terms of masculinity and femininity, is a social construction that varies across different cultures and over time.
Humans are born with 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. The X and Y chromosomes determine a person’s sex. Most women are 46XX and most men are 46XY.
X 和 Y 染色体决定了性别。
但是在胚胎发育过程中, XY 染色体的可以未能充分表达, 也可能出现 XY 染色体但是生殖器外观仍然是雌性的个体。当然也有可能 XX 的个体自认为是雄性等等。这些就超出 “英语” 的范畴了。
这些年来, 各国政府的表格也慢慢用 Gender 来取代 Sex. 填表的人可以根据自己的心理体验选 M/F, 而不再是从染色体出发了.
【待续】