如果美利坚总统突然疯了，会怎么样？ 第1页

最早时期，依宪法 Article II, Section 1, Clause 6

如遇总统被免职、死亡、辞职或丧失履行总统权力和责任的能力时，总统职务应移交副总统。国会得以法律规定在总统和副总统两人被免职、死亡、辞职或丧失任职能力时，宣布应代理总统的官员。该官员应代理总统直到总统恢复任职能力或新总统选出为止。
In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.

肯尼迪遇刺后，1967年通过了宪法第25修正案，更明确了一下总统的继承。

“总统突然疯了”，要应用第四款，

凡当副总统和行政各部长官或国会以法律设立的其他机构成员的多数，向参议院临时议长和众议院议长提交书面声明，声称总统不能够履行总统职务的权力和责任时，副总统应立即作为代理总统承担总统职务的权力和责任。
Section 4.
Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.

总统还可以说自己没有疯，依补充条款，

此后，当总统向参议院临时议长和众议院议长提交书面声明，声称丧失能力的情况不存在时，他应恢复总统职务的权力和责任，除非副总统和行政各部长官的多数或国会以法律设立的其他机构成员的多数在四天之内向参议院临时议长和众议院议长提交书面声明，声称总统不能够履行总统职务的权力和责任。在此种情况下，国会应决定这一问题，如在休会期间，应为此目的在四十八小时以内集会。如国会在收到后一书面声明后的二十一天以内，或如适逢休会期间，则在国会按照要求集会以后的二十一天以内，以两院的三分之二的票数决定总统不能够履行总统职务的权力和责任，副总统应继续作为代理总统履行总统职务的权力和责任；否则总统应恢复总统职务的权力和责任。
Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue, assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress, within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble, determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the powers and duties of his office.

这个第25修正案第四款，目前没有用过。

很多小说里有用过。