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目前人类对免疫系统的认识到了什么阶段? 第1页

  

user avatar   mai-wen-xue-67 网友的相关建议: 
      

其实很早,早在上世纪六十年代, 人类对自身免疫疾病就已经有了比较深刻的认识。

例如, 天疱疮、肾小球肾炎等。

自身免疫疾病的用药套路, 21 世纪的头二十年和半个世纪前相比, 并没有太大的变化。

如果俺没记错的话, 白塞氏病在上世纪 80 年代就已经写进了祖国的《眼科学》、《皮肤病学》、《妇产科学》以及 《口腔内科学》以及 《口腔组织病理学》的课本, 因为众所周知的口-眼-生殖器三联征。


       https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1566249/pdf/envhper00522-0014.pdf     


分子水平的认知并不是线性的。 您需要领会到自身免疫疾病的起病是一个或者多个复合和/或“复杂系统”相互作用的结果。

也因此, 才会诉诸“假说”。



越来越多的证据表明,环境可能导致自身免疫和自身免疫性疾病。

当免疫系统错误地攻击体内正常、健康的组织和器官时,自身免疫性疾病就会发生。

I 型糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、克陇病、乳糜泻和银屑病只是自身免疫性疾病常见的几个实例。


       https://www.nih.gov/research-training/accelerating-medicines-partnership-amp/autoimmune-immune-mediated-diseases     


2021年12月启动的AMP自身免疫和免疫介导的疾病(AMP AIM)计划旨在加深对导致炎症和自身免疫疾病的细胞和分子相互作用的理解。AMP AIM研究人员将专注于类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、银屑病、关节炎和干燥综合征。

通过这些研究获得的知识将推动开发新的和强化的自身免疫性疾病的疗法。此外,AMP AIM将推动新的研究工具、数据存储平台和数据共享技术的发展。

自身免疫性疾病影响着超过2350万美国人。

最近的研究表明,这些疾病正变得越来越普遍。

在这些情况下,身体的免疫反应是如此过度和持久,以至于它们可以严重损害许多组织和器官系统,这可能对健康、福祉和生活质量产生破坏性影响。科学家很难开发新的治疗方法,医生也很难护理慢性自身免疫性疾病患者,因为这些疾病非常复杂。此外,每个人都有独特的基因构成,并在其生命过程中发展自己的免疫系统。由于这些因素,没有一种治疗方法对每个人或每种自身免疫性疾病都有效。

另一方面,许多自身免疫性疾病有相似之处

它们有共同的炎症途径、临床特征和对治疗的反应。

通过识别和描述许多自身免疫性疾病共有的分子和细胞水平的途径和相互作用,以及特定疾病特有的途径和相互作用,AMP AIM的科学家可以为开发新的疗法和诊断工具开辟道路。


       https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/autoimmune-diseases     






“目前人类对免疫系统的认识到了什么阶段?

免疫系统作为人体重要的组成部分,目前涉及免疫系统的疾病,如红斑狼疮,类风湿性关节炎,白塞病,干燥症等,在发病原因治疗措施方面基本无法精准诊治,为何对免疫系统的认识如此缺失,何时会有突破性的认识?”


答:

如果您选择悲观, 那么您可能会十分悲观,因为人类连感冒(广义的感冒明年就可以包括 OMICRON 了)都治不好, 其实是拖好的。

肾衰竭的终极解决办法还是换肾, 肝硬化的终极解决办法还是换肝。

......


悲观的终极解决办法倒不是换脑,

而是到知乎首页搜索“笑话”。


【未完待续】


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