国家需要做什么以促进年轻人不躺平？ 第6页

一个小学校长，基层领导，当地有头有脸的人物，尚且不能维护自己和同事的合法权益。更普通的老百姓怎么办呢?

在这个别人打你你只要还手就算“互殴”的时代，其实在变相鼓励这种地痞流氓的滋生。

张三跟你寻衅滋事，你不还手就挨张三欺负。张三大不了进去几个月出来接着陪你玩，反正他烂肉一坨没什么在乎的。

你就不一样了，有头有脸有工作有孩子，你跟张三耗的起么？你不还手挨他欺负，你还手你跟着一起进去，前途人生跌落到张三一样的水平。什么?你要依法办事把他绳之以法?人家出狱后第一件事就是打电话要帮你接孩子，顺便在电话里感叹一句嫂子真漂亮。

扫黑除恶，除了要把那些人渣全装进去。更重要的是隔绝黑恶势力生长的土壤。

我们需要各种法律条文，来明确公民的权利。

让公民遇见这种人的时候，不用怕什么，也不用顾虑什么。

板锹拍他丫的！

全面地，从宏观介绍差异的一篇文章：

12 Differences Between Chinese Education and American Education

Posted on June 1, 2007

This analysis is being prepared for a presentation I am going to make at the International Conference on Intercultural Education in Harbin, China on June 22-24. I would be interested in receiving your observations, comments, questions about the differences between Chinese and American educational practices.

1. Class Size is the first noticeable difference at the middle school and high school level. Teachers typically teach two classes (in an 8 period day) with from 55 to 65 students. American secondary teachers typically teach five or six classes with class sizes ranging from 25 to 30. The Chinese teachers use their non-teaching time to grade papers and to prepare for their classes, except for the head teachers (banzhuren) which will be explained later.
2. While Americans think the "cohort" concept is innovative, China has been using it for decades. Throughout China, students beginning in a school are put into classes and they stay in those classes with one another for the entire time they are in that school unless higher test scores permit them to move to a more advanced grouping. Understood in the Chinese system is that this group of students will learn each of their subjects together. In America, students are not grouped into such classes. Instead, the 30 students who are together for English class will be randomly split up into any of the other subjects for the next period and the period after that, and so on. The next year, the students are totally mixed up again into different classes. Occasionally, the same class of students will take two courses together, such as English and history, but that is rare. The Chinese carry the cohort concept into the university level as well. My four classes of students stay together for all of their required courses the whole time they are at university.
3. Chinese students stay in the same classroom for their main classes and their teachers come to them while American students change rooms every period and the room belongs to the teacher. Thus, Chinese students don’t have hallway lockers. Students sit in the same seats for each subject and keep their materials in a shelf under their desk top. Many students have cloth covers for their desk and other means of making it "homey".
4. Chinese education is built on what Americans call "looping". The teachers of the students in the entering class will also follow their same students to the next grade level and the next. In America, it is very unusual for teachers to move with their students from one grade level to the next at the middle school or high school level let alone to loop for the entire period of time the student is in that school. At the primary school level, students begin in grade one with a teacher and stay with that teacher every year they are in primary school. My university students reflect on that teacher as being so very important to them that they really didn’t want to leave them when it was time to go to middle school. American teachers, on the other hand, tend to specialize in the curriculum and content for a particular grade level and then stay at that level. Sometimes, teachers who want to teach older students will ask to move to a higher grade, but then that teacher would typically stay at that level until retirement. That practice means that in America, subject matter and teacher preference might be valued more highly than student needs or student learning.
5. Another significant structural difference between American and Chinese schools is the concept of head teacher or "banzhuren". The banzhuren takes additional responsibility in delivering instruction, supervising their specific class of students, and in knowing their students and the families of the students and in communicating with those families. For less than 200 yuan per month more, the banzhuren will arrive at school prior to 7:00 a.m. to prepare for the day and to work with early arriving students. The student day at the middle school ends at 4:55 and the teachers leave shortly after that. The banzhuren will not only teach her specific class that she is in charge of but will also sit in on many other subjects throughout the day so she can monitor the progress of her students with other teachers, counsel her students, and contact the parents of those students if necessary. The banzhuren will monitor her class during lunch and nap with them after lunch. One banzhuren told me that she is like a mother to those students who don’t have the parental support they need. In addition, at Liaoning Normal University Junior Middle School (LNUJMS) thebanzhurens are expected to visit the homes and families of half their students sometime during the first term and the other half during the second term. These visitations would take place on Saturdays or Sundays or on holidays. The banzhurenwill, after three years, receive a bonus based on the academic improvement of her class. In America, the individual teacher is expected to make parent contact when a student misbehaves or is not performing at a satisfactory level. In American secondary schools there is also a person called a guidance counsellor who will assist with parent contact. However, the guidance counsellor will have a case load of 350 to 500 students and she often must resort to group counselling sessions.
6. The Chinese believe in merit pay and in using student test scores for teacher evaluation. For example, when the 9th graders leave middle school they are tested to see which high school they are qualified to attend. Since the same teachers have had those students for three years, they compare their entry score to their exit score. The classes that showed the most academic gain resulted in that banzhurenreceiving a bonus that might range from 3000 yuan to 6000 yuan (one month or two months pay). The same is true at the high school level. On the other hand, a teacher whose students did not show growth will be evaluated accordingly. At LNUJMS, the math team won first place in the District math contest. As a reward, the four math teachers split a 2000 yuan bonus. The teachers I have talked with like the bonus system. So for years the Chinese have been doing what the American conservatives have been advocating and our teacher unions have been fighting.
7. Discipline in Chinese schools easier than in American schools. For example, at LNUJMS, I was surprised to find minimal student supervision during lunch and between classes. One administrator and one teacher were in the hallway and no teachers were in their classrooms. The other teachers had gone to their offices to meet with students for academic or disciplinary reasons or for a rest between classes. In America, the time between classes is as short as possible, three, four, or perhaps five, minutes. Students are expected to move from their classroom, go to their lockers to get materials for their next class, and then move to that class. The American teachers are expected to be in the hallways during passing periods because that is when fighting and other misbehaviors occur. It is nearly impossible to even imagine a 10 minute passing period in an American school.
8. Chinese students are very respectful. When Chinese students recite, they stand; when students hand in a paper, they use both hands as if they were making a presentation of the paper to the teacher; when students refer to their teacher in writing, they often use terminology such as , “Our dear teacher.” In interviewing thebanzhurens, they commented that is their duty to teach students how to do well in life and how to be a man. University students, when asked to recall their middle school and high school years often speak of their teachers in very exalted ways telling how much their teachers meant to them.
9. Chinese students play active and important roles (zhirisheng) in sweeping the classrooms, scrubbing the steps, serving meals, being class monitors, and helping teachers. Student monitors can be seen wearing special armbands in the hallway, watching to make certain students are doing their twice-daily eye exercises properly, providing leadership on the marching field, watering plants, empty bins, cleaning windows, helping to distribute the daily lunch, and so on. Students always seemed to be carrying out their tasks very seriously and in good humor. The student monitor system is utilized at the university level as well with these appointed students helping the teacher in making copies, distributing and collecting papers, contacting classmates and so on. Like the concept of banzhuren, the concept of zhirishengcannot find its English equivalent due to the different Sino-American educational systems. Most Chinese schools are operated on the zhirisheng system for the purpose of maintaining clean classrooms and schools.
10. Chinese students buy their textbooks each year and the textbooks are soft cover and relatively thin. The textbooks I looked at had a 2006 copyright and I understand that they all have recently undergone revision. The cost is about $1 for a textbook and $2 for a workbook that accompanies the textbook. Students make heavy use of highlighters and annotations in their books. In addition, the textbooks often have moral lessons built into them. For instance, when a particular scientist is highlighted, aspects of his/her life that are exemplary are extolled, such as hard work, protecting the environment, overcoming obstacles, etc. On the other hand, American textbooks are hard cover, updated every six years (at least in Indiana), and are rented to students. Students are not allowed to mark in their textbooks in America.
11. It almost goes without saying that the curriculum in China is standard nation-wide and that students have few elective choices. National goals, national curriculum, national expectations, national exercises, and even a national class schedule are all built around the Chinese Education Schema that is based on centuries of tradition. In America, education is primarily the responsibility of the state governments. Counting Washington D.C., there are 51 separate governments that give direction to public schools. Further, except for Hawaii, states are divided into school districts that also have certain autonomies. Indiana, for example, has 292 school districts, 292 different teacher contracts, salary schedules, and sets of working conditions.
12. Deeply embedded in the Chinese culture is the examination system. Since the Song Dynasty (960 AD), the Chinese have relied on the examination process to identify their governmental leaders. Now the examination system is used to determine which university students are able to attend. These national exams were given on June 7 and 8. Local middle schools were used as test sites and those middle school students had a two day holliday. The test is of such great significance that parents rent hotel rooms nearby so their student can have a quiet lunch and take a nap. I saw one hotel with a big banner wishing students luck on the exam. Students will take either the liberal arts test or the science test. For liberal arts students, the first test, Chinese, was from 9:00-11:30. Students were dismissed and came back for the math test from 3:00-5:00. On Friday, the schedule was the same, with the morning session being geography, politics, and history and the afternoon session being English. The parents filled the street in front of the school and anxiously awaited students coming from the test sites and wanted to know how their child did. Taxi cabs even offer free service to these students to help them get home or to the testing site. My friend Kevin’s uncle took time off work to drive Kevin to the test site, pick him up at noon to take him home, then bring him back. It is huge deal!
    （原文：http://slkchina.wordpress.com/2007/06/01/12-differences-between-chinese-education-and-american-education/）

蚂蚁的视力很差，它们基本靠触角，也就是化学气味分子，来认识世界。

只要不是直接爬到人身上，蚂蚁对于人类是没有任何概念的。

绝大多数蚂蚁完全没接触过人类，也无法想象世界上还有人类这样一种和他们完全不同的，高度智慧的，社会化生物。

如果有一天蚂蚁发展出文明，它们优先发展的是和气味、化学物质、生物类相关的文明造物，比如种蘑菇的蚂蚁对孢子的利用。

蚂蚁想要发展出和光学有关的观测手段就要很久，更别说理解电磁波了。

然而，没有光学观测手段，即使人类近在眼前，蚂蚁也很可能视而不见。

在一个森林里几十年都见不到人的蚂蚁窝，如果不发展出电磁波观测技术并能解码人类的电磁波信号，除非它们运气好遇到游客，否则它们恐怕永远都不会意识到世界上有人类存在。

人类也是一样，我们优先发展的是光学，是电磁波相关的探测手段。

我们现在观测宇宙，最主要的观测手段依然是电磁波。

然而，电磁波在宇宙尺度下并不是一个很好的通信手段，距离我们最近的比邻星，发条微信都要好几年才到。

任何一个具备星际航行能力的外星文明，必然有更好的通信手段。

更何况，我们为什么一定规定了，外星人要在电磁波探测下可见呢？

暗物质组成的外星人？

高维度外星人？

能量化外星人？

数据化外星人？

嫌弃我们的宇宙太荒芜，在别的宇宙发展，并把我们这里变成原生态保护区的外星人？

和1000年前相比，现在的人类用手机，玩电脑，天天在网上骂人，已经让古人看不懂了。

能领先我们不知道多少年的外星人，无法理解是很正常的。

这是我看到的最准确的总结。

总的来说，就是中国的高考相对公平，所以性价比极高，所以其他活动都可以适当让步。

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  shi-dai-zhi 网友的相关建议: 
      

本人从不马后炮，马后炮的分析可以直接屏蔽了。

首先，现在是牛市无疑，上证还在继续上涨。

第二，上证和创业板的分化，成为主线。主要的原因在于创业板受到宁德时代影响太大了，今天宁德跳水，一度让创业板跌了1%，如果不是上证强势带动了市场情绪，分化还会更大。

第三，目前上证有几条主线。第一个是券商，也是我说的牛市旗手。第二个是基建，最近基建ETF创了新高。第三是上游，煤炭、钢铁、化工。

这三条主线不倒，上证就有进一步上涨的空间，而且非常可能冲破2月前高，看到4000点。

其实，行情不用天天问，看准中长期大方向就够了。

我是时代之，一个独立投资人￥心理咨询师，关注金融投资及自我升级，更多干货，欢迎关注公众号jingji-xinli，或者微信搜索公众号“时代之”。

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  guan-hai-ting-tao-96-29 网友的相关建议: 
      

公元一九九六年，阿明大学毕业，妈妈可高兴了，炒了几个菜，爸爸卖了一瓶酒，爷爷奶奶，外公外婆都来了。妈妈问阿明，准备到哪里工作？阿明豪情万丈的说：到祖国需要的地方去，到改革开放的前沿去，到深圳去，我要做新时代的青年，勇立潮头”。爷爷说：“做事要脚踏实地”。奶奶拿出一千块钱：“穷家富路，给你添个茶钱”。外婆抹起来了眼泪，叮嘱说：在外面不要忘了家，要常给家里打电话”。外公说：“在外要学会照顾自己，和同事好好相处”。妈妈红着眼，为阿明默默的收拾着行李。只有爸爸借着酒劲，康概激昂的说：年轻人就应该到外面经风雨，见世面。给他鼓劲说：燃烧吧青春，奋斗吧青年”！

阿明带着全家的希望，到了深圳，凭着过硬的专业素养，很顺利的入职了一家制造公司。在技术部门当了一名技术员。工资一万元。妈妈接到他的电话，觉得儿子工资过万，很是自豪了一阵子。阿明工作很努力，很快熟悉了产品，，钻研技术，改进工艺。第二年，成了技术骨干，他兢兢业业，对技术精益求精，管理层也很欣赏他，工资加到一万五。第三年工资加到一万八千元，他攻克技术难关，都是自己主动加班，都是不要加班费的，他的敬业，吸引了一个女孩的目光，本地人阿美。她很好奇，这个英俊的小伙子，不吸烟，不喝酒，没有应酬，工作起来不知疲惫，永远的斗志昂扬，永远的精力充沛。她们开始了交往。公司重视，同事敬重，同时收获了爱情，阿明的前途一片光明……

半年后，阿美带着阿明去见父母，带着水果，还有虫草燕窝，整整花了半个月的工资。阿美爸爸有礼貌的接待了他。但是她的妈妈，说了几句话，让阿明瞬间头皮发麻。妈妈说：“我们只有一个女儿，不想她受委屈，阿美很优秀，几个有家世的男孩子都在追求她，但她看上你，我们尊重她的选择，和你的父母商量一下，在深圳先把房子卖了”。阿明回到公司一打听，不问不知道，一问吓一跳，一般的地段七八万一平米，好的地段十万一平米，十几万一平米……想到阿美，想到房价，好似一桶凉水从头浇下。他知道家里没有多少钱，但还是硬着头皮，给妈妈打了电话，妈妈告诉他，爷爷奶奶，外公外婆岁数都大了，他们有个头痛感冒的，离不开钱啊！我和你爸爸都是普通的工薪阶层，这么多年了省吃俭用，家里只有二十万的存款，要用你拿去吧！阿明说不用了，谢谢妈妈。

嗝了几天，阿明还想努力一把，又去见阿美妈妈。阿美妈妈听完阿明的话，冷冷的说：“我知道你家困难，我们不要彩礼，不要三金，要个房子不过分吧！”阿明说：“阿姨，我还年轻，我能奋斗，我一切都会好起来的，给我点时间”。阿美的妈妈说：“就算你一年不吃不喝，一年才二十万，十年两百万，在深圳也卖不到一个卫生间，我们等不起”。阿明弱弱的说：“阿姨我们可以先租房子的”，声音小的象蚊子嗡嗡声，最后阿美的妈妈说：“小伙子，女儿租房子住，我们丢不起这个人。阿姨知道你有理想，但理想不能当饭吃”，你爱阿美吗！如果爱她，就算给不了她最好的生活，也不要让她露宿街头，爱她就想着她过的幸福，爱她你就放开她，祝福她吧！

阿明无精打采的回到公司，再也见不到阿美，听说被她妈妈送进了一家外贸公司。他觉得生无可恋，提出了辞职。公司积极的挽留，经理去找他的时候，他趴在桌子上睡觉，喊他都不应。经理很恼火，说他不思进取。阿明怒目圆睁，“说你们去年每个人分红几百万，为啥没有我的？经理说：“我们都是股东，有投资就有汇报，你就是一个打工的，凭什么分钱”。阿明愤怒的说：“老子不凭什么，不伺候可以吧！”总经理去见他的时候，他正在玩游戏，王者荣耀打的飞起，总经理说他不可救药。董事长听了汇报，说他是颓废的一代。

阿明走了，给董事长留下几幅漫画，第一幅上面画着一个桃园，阿明的爷爷奶奶和许多爷爷奶奶们就在树下劳作，桃子挂满枝头，有些成熟的都碰掉在地上了，爷爷把桃子捡起来，放在框里，交给了集体。集体分桃子的时候，张家李家分的都是一样的，框框都是那么大，那么好。唯独爷爷和几个村干部分的是几框小一点，差一点的桃子。爷爷说：吃苦在前，享乐在后是共产党员的优秀品质。桃子小一点又不是不能吃，我们不要谁要。

第二幅画画的也是桃园，爸爸妈妈和叔叔阿姨们在树下劳作，桃子伸手能摘，有的人趁别人不注意，摘下一个桃子，偷偷的放在口袋里。分桃子的时候，谁家人口多，势力大，和村干部关系好，分的都是好桃子。

第三幅画画的也是桃园，阿明和同事在树下劳作，桃子由于栽培技术的先进，桃树高大，枝繁叶茂，桃子挂满枝头，只是踮起脚尖才能够到小桃子，阿明站在凳子上，扬的脖子疼也只摘到了半框小桃子。看看董事长坐着飞机，指挥的下面的小喽啰，往大卡车上搬，一车接一车的拉，再看看总经理，坐着大G 也在一车接一车的运桃子。经理也整了两车，每个人都笑逐颜开，享受丰收的喜悦，只有阿明和他的同事，每个人提溜着半框小桃子，黯然神伤……

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