历史上有哪些得了好的投降派？ 第1页

感谢邀请。不得不提答主心中永远的丰碑，约翰内斯堡光明星，恒河天降伟人莫罕达斯·甘地。

1938年，德国纳粹对犹太人的疯狂迫害愈演愈烈。甘地发表了雄文《论犹太民族》（The Jews）：

If there ever could be a justifiable war in the name of and for humanity, a war against Germany, to prevent the wanton persecution of a whole race, would be completely justified. But I do not believe in any war. A discussion of the pros and cons of such a war is therefore outside my horizon or province.
如果说真有维护人道的正义战争的话，反抗纳粹德国种族主义暴行的战争无疑就是这样的一场正义之战。但是我不相信任何战争。我根本就不想讨论它的得失。

【听说有个不相信任何战争的渣渣】

No person who has faith in a living God need feel helpless or forlorn...But as the Jews attribute personality to God and believe that He rules every action of theirs, they ought not to feel helpless.
一个信仰神明的人是不应该感到绝望的……犹太人赋予神人格，并相信他们的一举一动都为神所主宰。犹太人是不应该感到绝望无助的。

【被神眷顾的犹太人是不会绝望的】

If I were a Jew and were born in Germany and earned my livelihood there, I would claim Germany as my home even as the tallest gentile German may, and challenge him to shoot me or cast me in the dungeon; I would refuse to be expelled or to submit to discriminating treatment. And for doing this, I should not wait for the fellow Jews to join me in civil resistance but would have confidence that in the end the rest are bound to follow my example.
如果我是在德国出生、工作的犹太人，我会像德国人一样将德国视为我的家园。我会挑战他[纳粹]，看他敢不敢开枪把我射杀或是把我关进地牢；我会拒绝被驱逐，也不会屈从于任何差别待遇。我不会坐等犹太同胞加入我的抵抗运动，我相信最后所有人都会以我为榜样。

【我就不信他敢开枪射我】

I am convinced that if someone with courage and vision can arise among them to lead them in non- violent action, the winter of their despair can in the twinkling of an eye be turned into the summer of hope. And what has today become a degrading man-hunt can be turned into a calm and determined stand offered by unarmed men and women possessing the strength of suffering given to them by Jehovah.
我相信，如果他们[犹太人]中有一位富有勇气与智慧的领袖站出来领导非暴力运动，这肃杀的严冬转眼就会变成充满希望的夏日。凭藉耶和华赐予的力量，犹太人即便手无寸铁，也能以冷静与决心改变这残酷的虐杀。

【充满希望的夏天】

1942年，昂山将军与日本合作驱逐英国殖民政府，日军席卷缅甸。印度高层大为震惊，认为日本得陇望蜀，印度在劫难逃。甘地发表了雄文《致全体日本人民》（To Every Japanese），痛斥日本在中国的种种野蛮暴行，并声称印度人民已经做好了准备，抵抗日本入侵。他写道：

Needless to repeat that if you cherish any such idea and will carry it out, we will not fail in resisting you with all the might that our country can muster. I address this appeal to you in the hope that our movement may even influence you and your partners in the right direction and deflect you and them from the course which is bound to end in your moral ruin and the reduction of human beings to robots.
如果日本一意孤行侵略印度，印度人民一定会集中一切力量顽强抵抗。我希望我的话能让你们警醒，回归正途。要不然你们的结局必然是道德崩溃，亿万人民沦为任人操纵的木偶。

当别人问他【甘地姬，日本人来了，我们要怎么集中一切力量顽强抵抗】的时候，他说：

Non-violent resisters would refuse them any help, even water. For it is no part of their duty to help anyone steal their country.
非暴力的抵抗者不向侵略者提供任何援助，连他们要水喝也不给。日本人来窃取我们的国家，怎么能帮助他们呢？

【他们敲门要水喝，你不开门不就行了嘛】

Suppose the Japanese compel the resisters to give them water, the resisters must die in the act of resistance.
如果日本兵非要水喝不可，抵抗者应当以死抗争。

【快拿水给大爷喝】

【就不】

The underlying belief in such non-violent resistance is that the aggressor will, in time, be mentally and physically tired of killing non-violent resisters. He will begin to search what this new (for him) force is which refuses cooperation without seeking to hurt, and will probably desist from further slaughter.
这种抵抗行为的指导思想就是，让侵略者在对非暴力抵抗者的杀戮中身心俱疲。他会开始思考：究竟是什么力量支撑着抵抗者不畏暴力，拒绝与自己合作？最终他会放下屠刀停止杀戮。

【身心俱疲，停止杀戮的日军军官】

But the resister may find that the Japanese are utterly heartless and that they do not care how many they kill. The non-violent resisters will have won the day inasmuch as they will have preferred extermination to submission.
抵抗者也许会发现日本兵根本不在乎他们杀了多少人。但是非暴力抵抗者会赢得最终的胜利。就算被杀光也不投降，这不就是胜利吗？

日军磨刀霍霍，甘地反英正忙。8月，甘地发起【退出印度】运动，群众云集响应。英国殖民政府迅速反应，不到一天就将甘地和国大党骨干成员悉数抓捕，运往南非和也门关押。印度人民没能在甘地的领导下实践他老人家的抗日政策，该说是幸运还是不幸呢？

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本来想写自由印度的主席博斯来着，但是这家伙的结局也不怎么样。如果博斯活得够长又不被清算，以他的资历在国大党内能获得很高的地位吧。